Kier



KIER

E, D. JEFFERSON Filed May 2, 1930 I April l2, 1932.

mir/ess Patented Apr. 12, 1932' ;UNITEDSTTES PATENT' OFFICE, *A

EUGENE D. JEFFERSON, or BosToN, lvrAssAcnnsETTs, AssIGNon To RODNEY HUNT MAcHINEjcoMrANY, onoRANGE, MASSACHUSETTS, A conPoRATIoN oFVMAssAA- CHUSETTS y Application led May 2,1930. Serial No. 449,161.

Thepresent :inventionk relates to an improvement in kiers. t Y i v I- Ieretofore some kiers have been operated by pumping the liquor from the bottom of the kier and vomiting it'upon the top of the goods. In others the liquor has been forced by steanrpressure up through a vomiting pipe on top of the goods, where it has been lvomited upon them. Inboth of these cases theliquor isl percolated down through the goods to the bottom where Yit accumulates` again, and is again pumped or forced to the ytop kof the kier. Incident to the operation of these kiers has been a considerable-loss of steam required in order to keep up an effective circulation. They have been also somewhat objectionable because of the tend'- ency to channeling, that is to say,theftend ency of. the liquor to form channels through 90 the goods which prevent full percolation to all of the goods inthe kier.

' According to the present invention thelcirculation of the liquor through the goods is Y from the bottom upwards inthe maj or part,

lf lwhich'efiects an economy of steam required, and tends to decrease the amount of channeling, as the liquor seepsA upward 'through the goods owing to its Vbeing hot'and tendingl to rise. 'At the top ofthezgoods the vliquor is 3U drawn off and flows downward to the bottom .of the kier, where it is heated and again rises through the i goods. L The present Vinvention comprises the imf provement in kiers hereinafter described andl "5 particularly defined in the claim'. .l

In the accompanying drawing illustrating the preferred Vform of the invention is shown an elevation ofa kier, with connectionsland parts for its operation.

tion is described as followszi'Ihe kier proper 1 consists of the usual boiler having'a dome bottomk 2`and a dome head The 'top of the for filling and emptying, the usual cover lift-V ing wheel 6 and bolt 7 beingV provided for this purpose. The swing arm, 8 is adapted to be swung to oney side after the cover has liquor pipeby `which the treating liquor may f be pumped into thebottom of the kier. The

TheV preferred embodiment of the inven` kier'is provided with-the usual manhole 4, closed by acover 5 adapted to'be lifted ofi" 'i been lifted, and is provided to take the coverV away vfrom the lmanhole'. 'N ear, the bottom .i

of the 'kier is provided'the usual-'grating 9,

and rising fromits center is the equalizing pipe-10Qv Under the grating there'isfpro-A vided the steam coil 11', which is supplied with steam 'by a steam pipe Y12, and from which condensation is conducted by a pipe 13 tothe traplt. E Y' The'goods to betreatedare piled in the kier on'the gratingv to about the level of the chain 15, which is put in place afterfthe goods have been putin the kier, to hold theV goods from rising'in a mass. A suction pipe 161s providedv'which extends around the inside of the kerclose to the Wall, provided with holes so that the liquor which rises through the goods maybe drawn 0E from the kier through this suction pipe, whence it and is dischargedY through the pipes 19 and 20 into the bottom' of the kier. The water pipe 21 is providedby which water may be pumped into the bottom of the kier to wet thev goods lor to wash them. V The pipe 22 is ay water pipe 21 is provided with a cock .23, the suction pipe with a cock 24,. and the b-ypass pipe 25 connecting the suction pipe with the pump discharge pipe 19 is provided with acock26.' y f;

` lThe kier is provided Vwith ya gauge 27,' and with a blow-ofi" or popV valve 28,' which opens f Y in case of excessivepressure inv the kier. rllhe steam pipe 12 is provided with a cock 29 and with a regulating valve '30.contro'lled either by hand or 'automatically by the pressure in Vthe kier.

A drain pipe` 81 connected with the liquor inletV pipe 20 vand having a cock 3 2, isp-ro-y vided to aordmeans for draining the kier v of its liquoror water, as the ,case may be; p

The suction pipe 16 vmay 'be located some- 'Whatbelow the top ofthe goods' instead 0f.,

above. their top, if desired. Thereis'ncla; I .Y

bility of clogging the holes inthe suctionlpipe v as the ,holesl extend completely.aroundi the v .pipe yand the goods'y cannot reach the holes in Vthe side: of the pipe nextto'lthewalls of the "160 "chain levelat 15, after Which' the chain is'put in place. Thereupon the kier is closed by putting on the cover 5 and bolting it in VplaceV 1 in the usual manner, the usual .swing head. y bolts not being shown. "Then Water is admitteds' tothefkier through. the water pipe21, the oockbeing opened, andthe cocks. 2li-,126 and .35o-being' opened. The cock `82. the .drain pipe/,311 being closed,-ivater is pumped into thekier through 'pipes 19 and 20 and the pipeV 2.5,A most ofthe LWater yentering through the bottom `of' thekier.Y After the,y goods are Well Wet up, the Water is drawn od. through the drain: pipe 131,.'a'ndf any Water remaining in the kier ontop ofthezgoods is drawn down through the suction-pipe, the remainder of Y the Water in the goodsseepingdown through the goods .to 'the bottom of the.` kier, from .whence it flows' off; through; the pipe .2O and the-drain fpipevxl. Thereupon, the Water :having-been shutoifibyl. the oockpQS in the Wa-terjpgipe', the Waterfis'fdrawn off through the-.dralnpi-pe andthen the'coek 32 is closed, vand' treating' liquor -isfadmitted through the pipez22, the' coeklS-i' infsueh pipe being opened. yThis liquor is; pumped -intothe bottom of the .kier :and:y rises through@ the-,grating into the goods. At thesametime the steam valiu-:V 29 is opened,` and ste am .is admit-te d through Vthe steanrpipe 12 to-the-steamcoil 11 in the bottom ofi. thekier.4 This-heats thev liquor the bottom 1 of the".4 kier, 1 and such liquor f 'being heated?, rises thro-ugh thefmasss of; goo-ds in thefzkier f and collects at*` the topof' the: fgoods, from-Whiehgplace itisfdrawn odfby the sur tion pipe 16 and forced through thepipe to the bottomof.thekieragain.

Some liqfuon-W-illrrise.r through the equalizing pipeleaznd? loe-v Vomited upon'the top of the goods,f.but thezpiinoipalfiiow of liquor through' the goods`V will .be i from the' grating upthrough the goods,-,a-nd the-.principal function of the equalizing pipe is to maintain the pressures at' the topand'bottom of; .the goods substantially the'` same, so that thereis coin.-

' parati-velfyslight tendency for the -liquori to e forced up through thefequalizing pipe.

-In the operation, the steam` continues to "flow into: the steaml -pipe until. the `pressure in .the kien-reaches a predetermined point,after which thee automatic Valve il'operates: to' shut oft the :steamfsupply .until thet pressureV in the kier fall-s to# 4a 1' vpredetermine-dfipoiint desired, whereupon it againopens,andfcirculation of the liquor through the goods is resumed.

If desired, an automatic time valve such as that described in my Patent No. 1,278,154, may be used in place of the pressure controlled valve 30.

The foregoing description of the operation of the kier is that employed when the kier is closed. The kier mayy also be operated as an open kier by leaving oft' the cover. In such ease, Aautomatic operation of the steam supply is'omitted, or recourse may behad to anV automtictime valve, or the steam valve 29 may be availed of to reduce'thev supply to such an amount as to permit the proper heating of the liquor at the bottom of the kier to cause it to rise through the goods. Y

V`i/Vhenoperated as a closed kier, the -operation is continuous and economical of steam lbecause',the steam is. shut off from time to time by the buildingl up of pressurein thekier, or by-time control, `Whereas in the continuous operation of the kier as an open, kier, a continuous supply of steam may be used. The kier, therefore, is advantageous of operation Yas a closed kier,and is susceptible of use as an open kier as Well.

.It is an important feature of the kier that the treating liquor seeps upward through the goodsvand reaches all thegoods in a uniform manner' so that-they are: uniformly treated and :no part of them is burned or over-treated by 1 the# liquor. Besides, the rising. of the liquorthrough the goods being due toi its less specificgravi-ty 'when it is heated, movement :of the liquor is not forced orrapid, and channeling is reduced-in amount.

Itis to be understood that this'kier i's adapted for use With various bleaching liquors such as peroxide or'soda, and mayalso be used in dyeing, towhich: it isfwell adaptedv by reason of the seeping flow V.of the `liquor upward through the goods.

I-laving thus vdescribedthe invention, what vis claimed is:

A kier body'havingia grating-near the bot- I,

tom of'theki'ea steam coil underV the grating, Aa suction pipe extending around Vthe inside of the kier adjacent the topglevel ofthe goods, a pump, connections between'the suc tion .pipe and the intake ofthe pump, and from the outlet of' the pumptol the bottom of the kier.' forpumping the liquor'from the top of the goods to thebottom of thekier, a'steam supply for the steam-coil, anda steam controlling valve for intermittently admitting steam tojthe coil and for rshutting off the ist/earn supply to the -ooil at the bottom of the ner.

In testimony'whereof'l have Vsigned my nameto this specification.

l EUGENE n. .son 

